What is the soft horny covering at the proximal end of the hoof wall called?

The soft horny covering at the proximal end of the hoof wall is known as the periople. This structure plays a significant role in the health and functionality of the hoof. It is located just above the hoof wall and serves as a protective barrier for the newly formed hoof wall beneath it. The periople produces a thin layer of the hoof wall, contributing to its overall growth and maintaining moisture within the hoof, which is essential for preventing cracking and other hoof problems.

Understanding the function and location of the periople is crucial in equine anatomy and physiology, as it helps in assessing hoof health and care practices for horses. The coronary band, while related and located at the top of the hoof, refers to the area from which the hoof wall grows rather than being the soft covering itself. The frog is a different part of the hoof, located on the underside and contributing to shock absorption and traction, while the sole is the bottom aspect of the hoof that protects internal structures and bears weight. Recognizing these differences is key to understanding hoof anatomy comprehensively.